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Dipayon Paul

Dipayon Paul

Building the Opus Codec for Android with DRED Support

This guide provides step-by-step instructions and a shell script to compile the Opus audio codec from the source for the Android platform. The build will be configured to be static and will have the DRED (Deep REDundancy) feature enabled, which is excellent for handling packet loss in real-time communication. 1.

Architecting for Hyperscale: An In-Depth Analysis of Discord's Billion-Message-Per-Day Infrastructure

Architecting for Hyperscale: An In-Depth Analysis of Discord's Billion-Message-Per-Day Infrastructure

I. Executive Summary Discord operates at an immense scale, processing billions of messages daily and connecting hundreds of millions of users worldwide. This report provides an in-depth technical analysis of the sophisticated and continually evolving architecture that underpins this remarkable capacity. At its core, Discord's strategy relies on

A Comprehensive Review of CLIP and Its Variants: Architectures, Training, Performance, and Future Directions

A Comprehensive Review of CLIP and Its Variants: Architectures, Training, Performance, and Future Directions

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) marked a significant milestone in vision-language modeling, demonstrating the efficacy of learning transferable visual concepts directly from natural language supervision at an unprecedented scale. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the original CLIP model and its diverse array of variants. It delves into architectural innovations,

Engineering the Unprecedented: An Analysis of WhatsApp's Architecture for Global Messaging at Scale

Engineering the Unprecedented: An Analysis of WhatsApp's Architecture for Global Messaging at Scale

I. Introduction WhatsApp stands as a global communication behemoth, fundamentally altering how billions interact daily. Its scale is staggering: the platform serves over 2 billion monthly active users 1 across 180 countries.3 This massive user base generates an unprecedented volume of communication, with daily message counts consistently exceeding 100

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs): A Comprehensive Guide

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs): A Comprehensive Guide

Motivation Traditional machine learning models struggle to directly handle raw image data due to the high dimensionality and complex spatial structure of images. A color image of modest resolution (say 200×200 pixels with 3 color channels) has 120,000 input features if flattened into a vector. Fully connected neural

Random Forests: A Powerful and Robust Ensemble Method

Random Forests: A Powerful and Robust Ensemble Method

Random Forests have emerged as a cornerstone of modern machine learning, known for their high accuracy, robustness, and ease of use. This article delves into the intricacies of Random Forests, exploring their underlying principles, applications, advantages, limitations, and providing Python code examples to illustrate their practical implementation. 1. Introduction to

Decision Trees for Classification and Regression: A Comprehensive Guide

Decision Trees for Classification and Regression: A Comprehensive Guide

Decision trees are a popular machine learning algorithm known for their simplicity and interpretability. They are used for both classification and regression tasks, making them a versatile tool for various applications. This article delves into the inner workings of decision trees, exploring how they split data, make predictions, and the